在既有的Raspberry Pi上安裝Home Assistant

Last updated on August 24, 2024 am

當已經有Pi在運行時，HomeAssistant推薦的整個SD卡安裝就不太合理。
這篇是將 Raspberry Pi 加裝 HomeAssistant 的筆記。

環境：

  • Raspberry Pi up and running

第一步 更新Pi

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sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade -y

更新後，目前Pi的版本是：

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uname -a
Linux pi1 4.9.59-v7+ #1047 SMP Sun Oct 29 12:19:23 GMT 2017 armv7l GNU/Linux

第二步 開HomeAssistant專屬的帳號

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sudo useradd -rm homeassistant

設個密碼

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sudo passwd  homeassistant

第三步 安裝HomeAssistant所需軟體

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sudo apt-get install python3 python3-venv python3-pip

HomeAssistant 是用python的virtual environment:

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cd /srv
sudo mkdir homeassistant
sudo chown homeassistant:homeassistant homeassistant

sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant
cd /srv/homeassistant
python3 -m venv homeassistant_venv
source /srv/homeassistant/homeassistant_venv/bin/activate
exit

設置homeassistant的.bashrc，登入就進入vd

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vi /home/homeassistant/.bashrc

加進這一行：

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source /srv/homeassistant/homeassistant_venv/bin/activate

試試看：

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sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant

應該會看到prompt變成：

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(homeassistant_venv) homeassistant@raspberrypi:/srv

第四步 安裝HomeAssistant

用homeassistant的身份登入，

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sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant

然後安裝：

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cd /srv/homeassistant;
pip3 install homeassistant

安裝需要等一下。

完成後可以手動測試：

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hass

CTRL-C 可跳出。

第五步 將 HomeAssistant 安裝成服務

原文

將 HomeAssistant 安裝成服務步驟如下：

  1. 從pi user su 為 root user

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    sudo su root

  2. 新增服務 script

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    cd /etc/systemd/system/
    vi home-assistant@pi.service

  3. 內容如下：

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[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple User=homeassistant

# make sure the virtualenv python binary is used
Environment=PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"

ExecStart=/srv/homeassistant/homeassistant_venv/bin/hass -c "/home/homeassistant/.homeassistant"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  1. reload 新服務
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systemctl --system daemon-reload
systemctl enable home-assistant@pi
  1. 退出root身份
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    exit

第六步 測試

  • 啟動服務：

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    sudo systemctl start home-assistant@pi

  • 停止服務：

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    sudo systemctl stop home-assistant@pi

  • 重啟：

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    sudo systemctl restart home-assistant@pi

  • 服務狀態：

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    sudo systemctl status home-assistant@pi -l

  • 讀log檔

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    sudo journalctl -f -u home-assistant@pi

第七步 更新

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#先進入到 homeassistant 身份
sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant
pip3 install --upgrade homeassistant

update python

  1. download source from official site

  2. Install the required build-tools (some might already be installed on your system).

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    sudo apt-get update -y
    sudo apt-get install build-essential tk-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev libdb5.3-dev libgdbm-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev zlib1g-dev libffi-dev -y

  3. Install and compile the Python source

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    tar xf Python-3.x.x.tar.xz
    cd Python-3.x.x
    ./configure; make -j 4; sudo make altinstall

  4. Reinstall HA

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    	cd /srv/homeassistant
    sudo rm homeassistant_venv/

    update python3 alias to correct version

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    sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant

    sudo vi ~/.bash_aliases

    test:

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    python3

    check the version shown.

  5. Reinstall HA (follow 第三步)

  6. Redo the modules

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    sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant

    pip install hass-nabucasa==0.3
    pip install PyNaCl==1.3.0
    pip install plexwebsocket==0.0.6
    pip install pyatv==0.3.13

References

HomeAutomation
#HomeAssistant, Raspberry Pi
在既有的Raspberry Pi上安裝Home Assistant
https://mingster.com/2018/01/13/homeassistant_on_existing_pi/
Author
mingster
Posted on
January 13, 2018
Licensed under